Labarai

A matsayin haɗin haɗin kai gama gari ga duk injiniyoyi, an yi amfani da tubalan tasha tsawon shekaru da yawa don samar da amintaccen wayoyi na dindindin don aikace-aikace iri-iri.Tushe na ƙarshe, wanda kuma aka sani da tashar tasha, mai haɗa tasha, ko tasha mai zare, ya ƙunshi mahalli na zamani da insulator wanda ke haɗa wayoyi biyu ko fiye tare.Saboda haɗin yana da ɗan dindindin, toshewar tashar yana taimakawa sauƙaƙe binciken filin da tsarin gyarawa.Ko da yake abu ne mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, amma kafin zaɓin tashar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da ƙayyadaddun sa suna da fahimtar asali ko kyau.

Wannan tattaunawar za ta ƙunshi nau'ikan toshe na gama gari, mahimman abubuwan lantarki da injiniyoyi, da samar da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai don taimakawa injiniyoyi da zaɓi.

Tsarin gama gari

Nau'in Dutsen PCB, nau'in shinge da nau'in madaidaiciya-ta nau'in su ne nau'ikan toshe uku na gama gari a cikin ƙira.Teburin da ke gaba ya lissafa nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku da dalilansu, shigarwa, da daidaita su.

Muhimman Bayanan Lantarki

Akwai wasu mahimman bayanai na lantarki da za a yi la'akari da su yayin lokacin ƙira, wanda ke rufe nau'ikan toshe na gama gari.Musamman sun haɗa da:

Ƙididdigar halin yanzu.Gabaɗaya, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da ke buƙatar mafi yawan kulawa a ƙirar akwatin junction shine ƙimar halin yanzu.Wannan ya dogara ne akan abubuwa uku: ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tashoshi, yanki na giciye da kuma yanayin zafi mai dacewa.Lokacin zabar tubalan tasha, ana ba da shawarar cewa ƙimar halin yanzu ta kasance aƙalla 150% na matsakaicin halin yanzu na tsarin.Idan ma'aunin toshe na tasha ba daidai ba ne kuma yanayin aiki ya yi yawa, toshewar tashar na iya yin zafi kuma ya lalace, yana haifar da manyan matsalolin tsaro.
Wutar lantarki mai ƙididdigewa: Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙididdigewa na toshewar tashar yana shafar tazarar da ƙarfi na mahalli.Kamar yadda ake zabar na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, dole ne ma'aunin wutar lantarki na tashar tashar ya kasance mafi girma fiye da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na tsarin, la'akari da duk wani ƙarfin lantarki wanda zai iya lalata haɗin.
Adadin sanduna: Adadin sanduna wata hanya ce ta gama gari ta bayyana adadin da'irori masu zaman kansu da ke ƙunshe a cikin shingen tasha.Wannan ƙayyadaddun bayanai gabaɗaya ya bambanta daga unipolar zuwa 24.
Tazara: An ayyana tazara a matsayin tazara ta tsakiya tsakanin sandunan da ke kusa, wanda aka ƙaddara ta jimlar ƙimar toshe tasha kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar nisa mai raɗaɗi, ƙarfin lantarki / halin yanzu, da sharewa.Wasu misalan gama gari na tazara sun haɗa da 2.54mm, 3.81mm, 5.0mm, da sauransu.
Girman Waya/Nau'i: A Arewacin Amurka, waya yarda da tubalan tasha yana cikin ma'aunin Waya ta Amurka (AWG), wanda ke ƙayyadadden girman waya ko ma'aunin da ake yarda da su don tabbatar da cewa wayar ta dace da cikin gida.Abin farin ciki, yawancin tubalan tashoshi suna da juriya waɗanda zasu iya ɗaukar kewayon girman waya kamar 18 zuwa 4 ko 24 zuwa 12AWG.Baya ga ma'aunin waya, yi la'akari da nau'in waya dangane da nau'in samfurin da aka zaɓa.Wayoyin murɗaɗɗen wayoyi ko multi-core sun dace don tashoshi masu zare, yayin da wayoyi guda ɗaya galibi ana haɗa su da tubalan tasha.
Muhimman bayanai na inji

Na gaba yana zuwa ƙayyadaddun inji, wanda ke da alaƙa da girman toshe tasha, daidaitawa, da sauƙin sarrafa haɗin gwiwa a cikin ƙira.Mahimman abubuwan inji sun haɗa da:

Hanyoyi na waya: A kwance (90°), tsaye (180°) da 45° su ne manyan kwatancen toshewar tasha guda uku.Wannan zabin ya dogara da tsarin zane da kuma wane shugabanci ya fi dacewa kuma ya dace da wayoyi.
Hoto 1: Hannun tasha na yau da kullun (Tsarin Hoto: Na'urorin CUI)

Gyaran waya: Kama da daidaitawa, akwai hanyoyin gama gari guda uku na gyaran waya don tubalan tasha: tashoshi masu zare, maɓallan turawa, ko turawa.Duk waɗannan nau'ikan guda uku sun cancanci sunan.Tashar da aka zare ko tasha mai nau'in screw tana ƙunshe da dunƙule wanda idan an ɗaure shi, yana rufe matse don amintar da madugu zuwa madubin.Ayyukan maɓallin abu ne mai sauqi qwarai, kawai danna maɓalli, buɗe shirin don ba da damar waya ta saka, saki maɓallin kuma rufe shirin don matsa wayar.Don tubalan tashoshi na turawa, ana iya shigar da waya kai tsaye a cikin gidaje kuma ana iya kafa haɗin kai ba tare da dunƙule ko maɓalli don buɗe matse ba.
Hoto 2: Hanyar gyara waya ta al'ada (Tsarin Hoto: Na'urorin CUI)

Nau'in kulle-kulle da nau'in guda ɗaya: toshe tasha na iya zama nau'in kulle-kulle ko gidaje iri ɗaya.Ana samun tubalan tashoshi masu tsaka-tsaki a cikin nau'ikan igiya guda 2 - ko 3, suna ba injiniyoyi damar cimma lambobi daban-daban na sanduna da sauri ko haɗa launuka daban-daban na nau'in module iri ɗaya tare.Monomer tashoshi toshe babu shakka duk sandunan suna kunshe a cikin wani module, bisa ga zane da bukatun, sabõda haka, yana da mafi girma rigidity da robustness.
Hoto 3: Matsakaicin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin tubalan tasha na monomer (Madogararsa: Na'urorin CUI)

Waya-zuwa-harsashi: Toshe – a cikin tasha tubalan zaɓi ne mai kyau don haɗawa akai-akai da yanke haɗin babban haɗin gwiwa.Ana yin waɗannan ta hanyar shigar da wayar a cikin filogi na zamani sannan a haɗa filogin zuwa kafaffen soket akan PCB, yana sauƙaƙa cire haɗin haɗin ba tare da yin hulɗa da kowane wayoyi ba.
Hoto 4: Haɗin toshe da soket na toshewa da toshe tasha (Tsarin Hoto: Na'urorin CUI)

Matakan aminci da sauran la'akari

UL da IEC sune manyan ƙungiyoyin aminci don tabbatar da tubalan tasha.UL da/ko ma'aunin aminci na IEC yawanci ana jera su a cikin ƙayyadaddun toshe na ƙarshe, kuma ƙimar siga galibi suna bambanta.Wannan saboda kowane injin yana amfani da ma'aunin gwaji daban-daban, don haka dole ne injiniyoyi su fahimci buƙatun aminci na tsarin su gabaɗaya don zaɓar ɓangarorin da suka dace.

Duk da yake wasu abubuwa na iya zama abin tunani a cikin ƙira da yawa, yana biya don daidaita matsuguni ko maɓallan shingen tasha.Ta zaɓar launuka na musamman don tubalan tasha, injiniyoyi za su iya haɗa maki cikin sauƙi a cikin hadaddun tsarin ba tare da haɗa su ba.

A ƙarshe, a cikin mahalli ko aikace-aikacen da ke hulɗa da matsananciyar yanayin zafi, ana iya zaɓar tubalan tasha tare da ma'aunin zafin jiki mafi girma.